Chaim Rafael

Approximately 1.5 million children were murdered during the Holocaust. Chaim Rafael Gertel z”l was one of those children. Chaim Rafael was born in Hrubieszów, Poland. When the Germans declared that the town was to be Judenrein (“clean of Jews”) in October 1942, Chaim and his mother went into hiding along […]

Matilda and Samuel Gertel

Meet Holocaust survivors Matilda and Samuel Gertel. Born in Uściług, Poland (now Ukraine), Matilda (née Topole) was just a teenager when the war broke out. When the Nazis invaded, she immediately ran home only to find that her father had been killed as an example to others. Matilda, along with […]